(1) Generally, a person authorized to act or speak or substitute for another. (2) Written permission (or power of attorney) granted by a shareholder to someone else, to represent him/ her at a shareholders' meeting, and vote on his/ her behalf. (3) An alternate term for an attorney.

An option contract which gives the buyer the right to sell the underlying security to the writer at a fixed price prior to an agreed-upon expiry date. Put options are usually purchased by investors who believe the underlying security may go down.

The coupon rate (as in bond or debenture) or annual dividend (as in preferred or common share) divided by the purchase price.

Defined as two consecutive quarters of decline in real Gross Domestic Product. It may also be defined by several quarters of virtually zero net growth.

(1) Repayment of a debt security or preferred share prior to or at maturity by an issuer, at a specified price (usually at a premium).

(2) Mutual fund units are redeemed at the net asset value, when a unit holder's holdings are sold.

means the functions with regard to:

1. Maintaining the Register;
2. Receiving application for redemption and transfer/ transmission of Units directly from Holder or legal representatives or through Distributor;
3. Processing requests for issue, redemption, transfer and transmission of Units and requests for recording of pledge or for recording of changes in information/ particulars/ data with regard to the Holders;
4. Issuing Account Statement to Holders;
5. Issuing Certificates including Certificates in lieu of undistributed income to Holders;
6. Dispatching income distribution warrants and allocating Units to Holders on re-investment of dividends. 
7. Canceling old Certificates on redemption or replacement.
8. Maintaining record of lien/ pledge/ charge.
9. Keeping record of change of addresses/ other particulars of the Holders.

A company's profit not paid out in the form of dividends. They are retained by the company to help finance future expansion and form part of shareholder's equity.

Means the date on which the retirement of a Participant from the Pension Fund becomes effective.

The potential of loss on an investment due to a number of factors, listed below:

1. Credit Risk - Potential that an investment (specifically fixed-income securities) will go down when assigned a negative rating (downgraded) by a reputable credit rating service.
2. Default Risk - Risk associated with an issuer of a debt instrument that may not have the financial ability to meet regular interest payments or is incapable of repaying the debt at maturity. 
3. Equity Investment Risk - Risk resulting from changes in a specific company or industry developments and prospects, as well as changes in interest rates, economic conditions and stock market news. 
4. Interest Rate Risk - Risk resulting from increased interest rates in the market place, that the income earned from an original investment will not be worth as much as the going market rates. 
5. Liquidity Risk - Inability to sell a security reasonably quickly at the prevailing market price or convert an asset into cash as quickly as possible. 
6. Political Risk - Potential for changes in government to impact the value of an investment. It may also include policy changes made by governments.